The XXXII Olympiad, the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, are finished and by just about every measure they were a success.

There was drama, surprises, amazing performances and records aplenty. Just as important, there were few mistakes and no crises — no COVID-19 outbreaks, no compromised events and no breakdowns or organizational disasters.

As the Olympic flame was extinguished and the Olympic flag was passed to Paris Mayor Anne Hidalgo, host of the 2024 Games, the Japanese organizing committee and the International Olympic Committee (IOC) celebrated their accomplishment. Yet even while delighted by the athletes’ outstanding performances, the world is pondering the meaning of this event and its toll — on those same athletes and the cities that host the quadrennial extravaganza.