A rule of thumb in the realm of international economic cooperation goes like this: The more developed the partners, the more advanced the toolkit servicing industrial cooperation and the bigger the benefits from integration.
This notion applies both to "classic" regional integration and to newfangled "twinning" of economies, like that happening between the United States and China.
Among the best arranged integration systems are the European Union, NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement), the mechanism of CER (Closer Economic Relations) in Oceania, Mercosur and the Andean Pact in South America, as well as some sophisticated economic projects with the participation of the more advanced members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and their neighbors (like "ASEAN Plus Three" and "ASEAN Plus Six").
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