Michael Dewood's Aug. 14, letter "Limits of 'multiculturalism,' " reflects attitudes that are likely to conspire against the success of an alien who comes to Japan intending to stay. Expecting "equal treatment" by imposing ideological "multiculturalist" standards on Japan, and by regarding social acceptance as a birthright, is not the best strategy for the achievement of either. This is true regardless of racio-ethnic or even nationality differences that may make life in the mainstream more difficult for some than others. The bar is simply higher for aliens and Japanese alike who encounter unwanted treatment. Some attitudes and tactics are more likely to overcome barriers than others.

Patience, humility and humor are the best ways to cultivate the personal ties that nurture a sense of belonging -- first in one's own mind where it most counts, then among one's friends and family, neighbors, school and work mates, city hall and bank clerks, in markets and on trains.

Belonging begins not by demanding instant or even eventual acceptance simply because one happens to be human, but by bearing the human burden of belonging with dignity. No matter how much "race" may appear to complicate some personal encounters, blaming "racism" is generally not an effective response, even when there may be grounds for such a charge.

william wetherall