India and Pakistan have begun a ceasefire in Kashmir. The two nuclear-armed neighbors have fought three wars, two over the disputed region. While every ceasefire is to be applauded, this one is likely to be more symbolic than substantive. Still, it may permit the leaders of the two countries to meet at a regional summit in a few months' time. That could lay the foundation for a more enduring agreement, although the odds are long. Just as important are grassroots contacts that may also proceed in the wake of the new ceasefire.
India and Pakistan have contested Kashmir since the two countries gained independence over a half century ago. The two militaries have exchanged gun and artillery fire nearly every day. Muslim guerrillas have infiltrated the region, committing acts of terrorism on a regular basis. Indian security forces respond, creating a never-ending cycle of violence. Some 65,000 people, most of them civilians, have been killed since a full-fledged Muslim insurgency broke out in 1989.
The region has never enjoyed a full ceasefire in over 14 years. On the weekend before last, Pakistan announced it would launch a ceasefire along the Line of Control, the 736-km line that serves as a border between the two countries. India said it would reciprocate and even extend the ceasefire. The actual agreement covers the LOC, another 230 kilometers of undisputed border and the Siachen Glacier, the world's highest battlefield, and is indefinite in length. It went into effect last Wednesday. Thus far it has been honored by both sides.