Fighting escalated sharply on Monday between Azerbaijan and its ethnic Armenian mountain enclave of Nagorno-Karabakh, and at least 55 people were killed in a second day of heavy clashes.

The two sides pounded each other with rockets and artillery in the fiercest round of the decadesold conflict in more than a quarter of a century.

"This is a life-and-death war," Arayik Harutyunyan, the Nagorno-Karabakh leader, told a briefing.