elementary schools in Osaka, and probably as many or more in Tokyo, you have to wonder if Tokyo isn't underreporting the problem."

In their response to parental and media inquiries about the survey results, prefectural education officials also cast blame for the violence on two recent trends.

First, they said, has been the increase in the number of pupils who use anonymous Internet chat sites to gossip about, and bully, fellow classmates.

The bullied victim has no way of knowing who is spreading the rumors on the Internet, and feels even more helpless and frustrated than might otherwise be the case, leading to random violence when at school.