WOMEN AND CONFUCIAN CULTURES IN PREMODERN CHINA, KOREA, AND JAPAN, edited by Dorothy Ko, Jahyun Kim Haboush, and Joan R. Piggott. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003. 338 pp., 35 illustrations and tables. $24.95 (paper).

It is often thought that Confucianism is somehow discriminatory toward women. And it is true that its emphasis upon filial piety is mainly addressed to the father. In general the tradition concerns itself little with women.

The founder himself wished to restore a hierarchical feudal society which he believed was harmonious and therefore natural. The tradition was thus generally conservative and displayed an abiding interest in political power.

It is assumed that Confucianism also insisted that this power was male and that women were mere fodder for such ambitions as good wives and wise mothers.